Australian utility solar curtailment halved from 18% to 9% in a year. With no cause reported, here is how to read curtailment broken down by type.
Three major renewable sources compared by capacity factor, siting conditions and intermittency, plus what each one asks of the grid and a decision order for choosing between them.
China’s 2% consumption tax on lithium batteries from September, rising to 4% next year, and who in the ESS and EV chain ends up absorbing it.
A KRW 23 billion Series C for solid electrolytes and a KRW 22 billion Series A for aqueous zinc batteries: both next-generation, but aimed at different positions.
Prompted by Hanul Unit 4, where a turbine-generator protection signal cascaded into a reactor trip, we set out the priority of turbine-trip coupling interlocks in the reactor protection system (RPS) and I/O design principles.
Saeul Unit 3 was manually shut down during commissioning after a leak in condensate drain piping. How level and differential-pressure interlocks can cover secondary piping leaks that sit outside radiation monitoring.
Series arcs and parallel or ground arcs need different interrupting means. An opening sequence that uses current decay after gate block to tell them apart.
LG Energy Solution–Seoul National University joint research (announced 2026-09-07): upper charge limit 4.6V→4.3V and lower discharge limit 3.0V→2.0V kept a 40Ah-class LMR cell at 92.2% after 883 cycles. An I/O map and ST pseudocode that carry this result into BMS operating-grade voltage window parameters separated from protection-grade interlocks.
Capacity tests give the reference, DCIR tracks in-service trends, EIS diagnoses causes. First decide whether capacity or resistance is the bottleneck.
Bifacial rear gain is set by ground reflectance, height, row spacing, and rear shading. How the extra current affects DC ratings, and what vertical mounting changes.